Hot Topic - International Broadcasting
Long associated with crackly shortwave signals and wars, cold and not, government-funded international broadcasting languished when the memories of the Cold War dimmed after the fall of the Berlin Wall. Interest in news and features from distant lands rose again as major international broadcasters adjusted their missions as they replaced shortwave for FM. BBC World Service, Radio France International, Deutsche Welle and Voice of America bolstered journalistic endeavors with statutory "firewalls" between the journalism and governments. Propaganda did not end, obviously, but international broadcasting took on a different context. Audiences returned.
News media is truly globalized. A hundred years ago this was barely the case. Sure, bigger newspapers hired foreign correspondents, readers enjoyed the occasional report from faraway places even when the copy was slowly carried across the seas by boat. Then radio carried news across wide spaces and international broadcasting was off and running. Satellites were launched to enable television channels almost everywhere. Now, it is the internet, occasionally spiced up with the odd bot.
Commemorated this past weekend was the 70th anniversary of the launch of Radio Free Europe. The US-funded international broadcaster first broadcast to Czechoslovakia, now the Czech Republic and Slovakia, on July 4th, 1950 via a transmitter in southwestern Germany, near Frankfurt. The mission was to offer "surrogate" news and information for States under the rule of the Soviet Union, using largely expatriate staff. Radio Liberty came three years later, directed toward the Soviet Union, later merged with RFE. Thousands of scholarly volumes have been written about RFE/RL's history, emphasis typically on its role in the Cold War.
Certain to amaze - even horrify - Millennials not everything is digital. Indeed, there are means of communication not dependent on ones and zeros, anything in between or bots. Analogue platforms, hardly extinct, have certain advantages.
Maturity comes to international news broadcasters when hot coverage fades. Parachuting crews in conflict zones create, often, as many headlines as they report. There is a place for that and audiences are drawn to the excitement. When the buzz fades - and critics leap out - it’s time to “examine the business model.”
International broadcasting reached a pinnacle during the post-Second World War years. The Cold War gave birth to a competitive sphere where government funded radio broadcasters kept news listeners fixed to their radios. By the mid 1980’s the dial was filled. A decade later, everything had changed.
Nobody doubts the soft power value of international media. Words and pictures can frame any message. Soft power effectiveness depends on credibility far more than technology. Desired outcomes, however, must be clear.
See also in ftm Knowledge
International Broadcasting - Platforms and Politics
International broadcasting is more than voices across borders. It's moved to television and the Web. Legacy broadcasters are reducing their footprint while newcomers are expanding. This ftm Knowledge file looks at all sides. 55 pages PDF (July 2011)
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Media in Spain - Diverse and Challenged – new
Media in Spain is steeped in tradition. yet challenged by diversity. Publishers hold great influence, broadcasters competing. New media has been slow to rise and business models for all are under stress. Rich in language and culture, Spain's media is reaching into the future and finding more than expected. 123 pages, PDF. January 2018
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The Campaign Is On - Elections and Media
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Fake News, Hate Speech and Propaganda
The institutional threat of fake news, hate speech and propaganda is testing the mettle of those who toil in news media. Those three related evils are not new, by any means, but taken together have put the truth and those reporting it on the back foot. Words matter. This ftm Knowledge file explores that light. 48 pages, PDF (March 2017)
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